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ACS style

07 September 2023

This basic introduction to the ACS referencing style is based on the ACS Style Quick Guide, which is part of The ACS Guide to Scholarly Communication. Learn more about ACS style.

HOW TO APPLY

ACS style

This basic introduction to the ACS referencing style is based on the听, part of the听The ACS Guide to Scholarly Communication. Some ACS journals use different variations, so if submitting to a journal check its guidelines. Generally the ACS style includes

  • A superscript number in your document (starting at 1 and increasing through the document)
  • A reference list for all numbered citations (at the end of the document)

Referencing sources correctly is important to

  • Give credit to the person who came up with the original idea
  • Direct readers to the original source for more information
  • Prove that you are basing your work on solid research
  • Avoid plagiarism and losing marks
Sample references

Book听without editors

The edition number is placed after the title of the work. This is unnecessary if it is the first edition.

1. 听 Gomer, R.; Bauer, E.听Interactions on Metal Surfaces; Springer-Verlag, 1975.
2. 听 Bauer, E. L.听A Statistical Manual for Chemists, 2nd ed.; Academic Press, 1971.
3. 听 Hammond, C.听The Basics of Crystallography and Diffraction, 4th ed.; International Union of Crystallography Texts on Crystallography, Vol. 21; Oxford University Press, 2015. DOI: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198738671.001.0001

Book with editors

Separate editor names by commas

1. 听听Molecular Complexes;听Foster, R., Ed.;听Elek Science, 1973.
2. 听听Chemical Information Systems;听Ash, J. E., Hyde, E., Eds.; Ellis Horwood, 1975.
3. 听听Mom the Chemistry Professor: Personal Accounts and Advice from Chemistry Professors Who Are Mothers, 2nd ed.; Wozniak, K., Charlebois, A., Cole, R. S., Marzabadi, C. H., Webster, G., Eds.; Springer, 2018. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-78972-9

Chapter in a book

Include editor names if the chapter is in a book with editors

1. 听 Bard, A. J.; Faulkner, L. R. Double-Layer Structure and Absorption. In听Electrochemical Methods: Fundamentals and Applications, 2nd ed.; John Wiley & Sons, 2001; pp 534鈭579.
2. 听 Maeder, M.; Neuhold, Y.-M. Kinetic Modeling of Multivariate Measurements with Nonlinear Regression. In听Practical Guide to Chemometrics, 2nd ed.; Gemperline, P., Ed.; Taylor & Francis, 2006; pp 217鈥262.
3. 听 Hongbo, S.; Liye, C.; Gang, X.; Kun, Y.; Lihua, Z.; Junna, S. Progress in Phytoremediating Heavy-Metal Contaminated Soils. In听Detoxification of Heavy Metals; Sherameti, I., Varma, A., Eds.; Soil Biology, Vol. 30; Springer, 2011; pp 73鈥90. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-21408-0_4

Entering books in EndNote

For details on how to add book references in EndNote, click here

Papers presented at a conference

Citations to an unpublished conference paper include the name, location and date of the conference at which it was presented.

1. 听 Shapter, J.; Gooding, J. J.; Losic, D. Application of flat gold in STM imaging and biosensors. Presented at RACI/NZIC Conference on Physical Chemistry, Christchurch, New Zealand, February 3鈥7, 2002.

Papers in proceedings

The reference to a conference paper collected in a proceedings includes the name, location and date of the conference as well as the publication details of the proceedings.

1. 听 Nilsson, A.; Petersson, F.; Persson, H. W.; J枚nsson, H.; Laurell, T. Manipulation of Suspended Particles in a Laminar Flow. In听Micro Total Analysis Systems 2002, Proceedings of the 渭TAS 2002 Symposium, Nara, Japan, November 3鈥7, 2002; Baba, Y., Shoji, S., van den Berg, A., Eds.; Kluwer Academic Publishers: Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 2002; Vol. 2, pp 751鈥753. DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-0504-3_50

It may also be acceptable for a reference to omit the title of the presentation.

1. 听 Meredith, G. R.; Hsiung, H.; Stevenson, S. H.; Vanherzeele, H.; Zumsteg, F. C. In听Organic Materials for Non-linear Optics, Proceedings of OMNO88, Oxford, June 29鈥30, 1988; Hann, R. A., Bloor, D., Eds.; Royal Society of Chemistry: London, 1989; pp 97鈥111.

Entering conference papers in EndNote

For details on how to add conference papers in EndNote, click here

Template

Authors. Article title.听Journal Abbreviation.听Year,听Volume听(Issue), page range. DOI: DOI number

  • Authors: Surname, Initials. Separate authors by semicolons
  • Article title: follow the capitalisation on the article itself
    • Some ACS journals omit the article title from the reference
  • Journal title abbreviations can be found at:
    • 听鈥 journal titles and abbreviations for publications indexed by CAS since 1907
      • Beyond CASSI听(PDF, 800 KB) 鈥 abbreviations from early chemical literature, not appearing in CASSI
    • 听鈥 for a listing of abbreviations (1,500 chemistry-related journals)
    • If not listed in the above sources,听
  • The DOI number often appears on the article itself and on the article webpage. DOIs can also be found on the听.

Examples

1. 听 Sch枚ne, B. R.; Zhang, Z.; Jacob, D.; Gillikin, D. P.; T眉tken, T.; Garbe-Sch枚nberg, D.; McConnaughey, T.; Soldati, A.听Effect of organic matrices on the determination of the trace element chemistry (Mg, Sr, Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca) of aragonitic bivalve shells (Arctica islandica)鈥擟omparison of ICP-OES and LA-ICP-MS data.听Geochem. J.2010,听44听(1), 23鈥37. DOI: 10.2343/geochemj.1.0045

2. 听 脟olak, A. T.; 脟olak, F.; Ye艧ilel, O. Z.; B眉y眉kg眉ng枚r, O. Synthesis, spectroscopic, thermal, voltammetric studies and biological activity of crystalline complexes of pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid and 8-hydroxyquinoline.听J. Mol. Struct.2009,听936听(1鈥3), 67鈥74. DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2009.07.026

3. 听 Ruangsang, P.; Tewtrakul, S.; Reanmongkol, W. Evaluation of the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of听Curcuma mangga听Val and Zijp rhizomes.听J. Nat. Med.2010,听64听(1), 36鈥41. DOI: 10.1007/s11418-009-0365-1

4. 听 Yoshimi, Y.; Hayashi, S.; Nishikawa, K.; Haga, Y.; Maeda, K.; Morita, T.; Itou, T.; Okada, Y.; Ichinose, N.; Hatanaka, M. Influence of Solvent, Electron Acceptors and Arenes on Photochemical Decarboxylation of Free Carboxylic Acids via Single Electron Transfer (SET).听Molecules.听2010,听15听(4), 2623鈥2630. DOI: 10.3390/molecules15042623

5. 听 Oliveira, J. M.; Sousa, R. A.; Kotobuki, N.; Tadokoro, M.; Hirose, M.; Mano, J. F.; Reis, R. L.; Ohgushi, H. The osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow stromal cells cultured with dexamethasone-loaded carboxymethylchitosan/poly(amidoamine) dendrimer nanoparticles.听Biomaterials.听2009,听30听(5), 804鈥813. DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.10.024

How to enter references in EndNote
  • Note that听

Encyclopedias

Treat encyclopedia articles like chapters in a book or ebook.

1. 听 Dye Carriers. In听Van Nostrand鈥檚 Encyclopedia of Chemistry, 5th ed.; Wiley & Sons, 1993; pp 511鈥512.
2. 听 Amino Acids. In听Ullmann鈥檚 Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry; Wiley & Sons, 2007. DOI: 10.1002/14356007.a02_057.pub2
3. 听 Bioremediation. In听Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology; Wiley & Sons, 2009. DOI: 10.1002/0471238961.0209151816180914.a01.pub2

Patents

Patent citations require the inventors, the title (if known), the patent number and the date.

1. 听 Barbera-Guillem, E.; Castro, S. Fluorescent nanocrystal-labeled microspheres for fluorescence analyses. PCT Int. Appl. WO 2001089585, November 29, 2001.
2. 听 Lois-Caballe, C.; Baltimore, D.; Qin, X.-F. Method for Expression of Small RNA Molecules within a Cell. US 7,732,193 B2, 2010.

Preprints

Authors. Article Title.听Name of Preprint Server (Section), Submission date, record number, version number. DOI/URL (accessed YYYY-MM-DD).

1. 听 P茅rez-Guardiola, A.; Sancho-Garcia, J.-C.; Muccioli, L.; Jimenez, A. J. P. Structure and Charge Transport Properties of CycloParaPhenylene Monolayers on Graphite.听ChemRxiv, February 26, 2019, ver. 3. DOI: 10.26434/chemrxiv.7411553.v3 (accessed 2019-03-01).

  • Many preprint servers give URLs for the items; however, a few (e.g.,听ChemRxiv) give DOIs. Use whichever is present, but be aware that in some cases the DOI may link to the final published paper rather than to the preprint/eprint. Include the date that the preprint was accessed in parentheses after the URL or DOI. End the citation with a full stop.

Safety Data Sheets (SDSs)

1. 听听Hydrochloric Acid 7m solution; MSDS No. 4518-89; ChemWatch: Christchurch, March 30, 2006. https://jr.chemwatch.net/ (accessed 2020-10-07).

  • The publisher is the organisation or company that provides the SDS. Use the URL for the individual article where possible.

Theses

1. 听 Little, G. R. Studies in Carbonium Ion Chemistry. Ph.D. Thesis, University of mini传媒, Christchurch, New Zealand, 1971. DOI: 10.26021/6899 (accessed 2021-02-19).
2. 听 Hickford, S. J. H. Studies in the Chemistry of Marine Natural Products. Ph.D. Thesis, University of mini传媒, Christchurch, New Zealand, 2007. DOI: 10.26021/7600 (accessed 2021-02-19).

Websites

Where possible include: author, title of page, date published, title of larger site, URL and access date. Often not all of this information can be found, but at minimum provide: title, URL and access date.

1. 听 Mascini, M.听Aptamer-based Assays, 2008. SciTopics. http://www.scitopics.com/Aptamer_based_Assays.html (accessed 2010-04016).
2. 听听ACS Publications Home Page. https://pubs.acs.org/ (accessed 2019-02-21).

How to enter other types of references in EndNote

Basic rules

Write names in inverted form: surname, then initials.

  • Rosenberg, L.

Two or more authors

List all authors. Separate author names with a semicolon.

  • Warren, J. J.; Mayer, J. M.
  • Verney-Carron, A.; Gin, S.; Frugier, P.; Libourel, G.
  • Stone, V.; Nowack, B.; Baun, A.; van den Brink, N.; von der Kammer, F.; Dusinska, M.; Handy, R.; Hankin, S.; Hassellov, M.; Joner, E.; Fernandes, T. F.

Editors

Identify editors with the abbreviation Ed. or Eds. following their name. Separate editor names with a comma.

  • Foster, R., Ed.
  • Ash, J. E., Hyde, E., Eds.

Corporate authors

  • Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker; International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry.听Plenary and main section lectures. Butterworths: London, 1974.

If the same organisation both authored and published the item, it only needs to be named in the author field.

  • Association of Official Analytical Chemists.听Handbook of the AOAC, 3rd ed.; Washington, 1971.

Make sure that the author field ends in a full stop. If you are using EndNote, enter the name of the organisation followed by a comma (e.g. Association of Official Analytical Chemists,) so that EndNote knows to treat it as a phrase instead of breaking it up into surname and initials.

Sample reference list

听(1)听Chemical Information Systems; Ash, J. E.; Hyde, E., Eds. Ellis Horwood, 1975.
听(2) Maeder, M.; Neuhold, Y.-M. Kinetic Modeling of Multivariate Measurements with Nonlinear Regression. In听Practical Guide to Chemometrics, 2nd ed.; Gemperline, P., Ed.; Taylor & Francis, 2006; pp 217鈥262.
听(3) Meredith, G. R.; Hsiung, H.; Stevenson, S. H.; Vanherzeele, H.; Zumsteg, F. C. In听Organic Materials for Non-linear Optics, Proceedings of OMNO88, Oxford, June 29-30, 1988; Hann, R. A., Bloor, D., Eds. Royal Society of Chemistry: London, 1989; pp 97鈥111.
听(4) Sch枚ne, B. R.; Zhang, Z.; Jacob, D.; Gillikin, D. P.; T眉tken, T.; Garbe-Sch枚nberg, D.; McConnaughey, T.; Soldati, A. Effect of organic matrices on the determination of the trace element chemistry (Mg, Sr, Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca) of aragonitic bivalve shells (Arctica islandica)鈥擟omparison of ICP-OES and LA-ICP-MS data.听Geochem. J.2010,听44听(1), 23鈥37. DOI: 10.2343/geochemj.1.0045
听(5) Yoshimi, Y.; Hayashi, S.; Nishikawa, K.; Haga, Y.; Maeda, K.; Morita, T.; Itou, T.; Okada, Y.; Ichinose, N.; Hatanaka, M. Influence of Solvent, Electron Acceptors and Arenes on Photochemical Decarboxylation of Free Carboxylic Acids via Single Electron Transfer (SET).听Molecules.听2010,听15听(4), 2623鈥2630. DOI: 10.3390/molecules15042623
听(6) Amino Acids. In听Ullmann鈥檚 Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry; Wiley & Sons, 2007. DOI: 10.1002/14356007.a02_057.pub2
听(7)听Hydrochloric Acid 7m solution; MSDS No. 4518-89; ChemWatch: Christchurch, March 30, 2006. https://jr.chemwatch.net/ (accessed 2020-10-07).
听(8) Barbera-Guillem, E.; Castro, S. Fluorescent nanocrystal-labeled microspheres for fluorescence analyses. PCT Int. Appl. WO 2001089585, November 29, 2001.
听(9) Hickford, S. J. H. Studies in the Chemistry of Marine Natural Products. Ph.D. Thesis, University of mini传媒, Christchurch, New Zealand, 2007. DOI: 10.26021/7600 (accessed 2021-02-19).
听(10)听ACS Publications Home Page. https://pubs.acs.org/ (accessed 2019-02-21).

The official听.

  • See also the听.
  • NB: UC Library does not have access to the full guide,听The ACS Guide to Scholarly Communication.

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