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Thermodynamics research enables engineers to improve efficiency, reduce emissions, and enhance performance in these systems. Heat transfer principles are crucial for analysing and designing various engineering systems where heat exchange plays a critical role. This could range from thermal management in electronics to designing efficient heat exchangers in HVAC systems. Research in this area involves developing advanced materials, exploring novel heat transfer mechanisms, and optimising heat exchange processes for specific applications. Thermodynamics and heat transfer intersect with numerous other disciplines, such as fluid dynamics, materials science, and even biomedical engineering. Postgraduate research often involves interdisciplinary projects that require a holistic understanding of these principles to address complex engineering challenges. As the world moves towards sustainable technologies, there is a growing need to optimise energy usage and minimise waste heat. Research in thermodynamics and heat transfer plays a vital role in developing sustainable energy systems, improving thermal efficiency, and mitigating environmental impacts.