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Natural Materials & Biocomposites Research Group

27 August 2024

UC's Biomaterials Engineering group does research into novel environmentally sustainable materials with the aim of reducing New Zealand鈥檚 reliance on materials derived from petrochemicals. Learn more about the Natural Fibre and Biocomposites group.

HOW TO APPLY

The Biomaterials Engineering Group at the University of mini传媒 engages in research into novel environmentally, sustainable materials to reduce New Zealand鈥檚 reliance on materials derived from petrochemicals.

Currently, the group is working on the processing of New Zealand flax fibre (Harakeke), hemp fibre and other sources of cellulose for use in bio-plastics.

The research involves the chemical, thermal and enzymatic treatment of these natural fibres to make them suitable for use as reinforcement in biocomposites.

The structure of the fibres are characterised after treatment using electron microscopy, wet chemistry and spectroscopy techniques. The mechanical properties (strength) of the fibres are measured using specialised equipment within our group to monitor the effect of various treatments to optimise processing treatments.

Finally, the fibres are combined with bio-plastics to form composites using standard processing routes such as hot compression under vacuum.

An extensive range of facilities permits the assessment of mechanical, viscoelastic and thermomechanical properties of the final composite material.

We are currently searching for collaborations with those interested in fibre extraction for use in industrial composite products.

UC academic staff

NZ collaborators

  • Dr. Steve Ranford
    AgResearch Ltd.
  • Dr. Marie Le Guen
    Scion Ltd.
  • Professor Simon Bickerton
    University of Auckland

International collaborators

  • Prof. J枚rg M眉ssig
    University of Applied Sciences, Bremen, Germany (biocomposites)
  • Dr. Nick Tucker
    Linoln University, UK
  • Prof. Dieter Veit
    RWTH Aachen, Germany (textiles)

Ph.D. students

  • Mr. Anton Baranov (all-cellulose composites)
  • Mr. Mark Stoffels (MD simulations)
  • Mr. Pablo Lepe (electrospinning)

Recently graduated postgraduates

  • Dr. Benoit Duchemin
  • Dr. Kamal Adhikary
  • Ms. Sandra Korte (Masters)
  • Mr. Haiyuan Piao (Masters)
  • Dr. Tim Huber (all-cellulose composites)
  • Dr. Andre Pinkert (cellulose chemistry and dissolution, ionic liquid chemistry)
  • Dr. Jonathan Stanger (electrospinning)
  • Dr. Jeremias Schuermann (all-cellulose composites)
  • Dr. Jan Dormanns (all-cellulose composites)

Previous Project/COP students

  • Benoit Duchemin, Vincent Bideaud, Sandra Korte, Marie Houillon, Mathieu
  • Bailly, Dominique Chiffre, Christophe Castan, Alexander Kermer, Karen
  • Denizot, Till Hermanns, Stephen Eilbraucht, Michael Lengersdorf, Remi Guigon.

  • All-cellulose composites
  • Cellulose-based biofoams
  • Protein-based materials
  • Bio-based nanocomposites
  • Interfacial properties in biocomposites
  • Recycled wood fibre-recycled polymer composites
  • Environmental performance of biocomposites

Refereed journal publications

  • M.T. Stoffels, M.P. Staiger, C.M. Bishop, 鈥淓quilibrium moisture content of a crosslinked epoxy network via molecular dynamics simulations鈥, 2016, Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science and Engineering, 24, 5, pp.

  • D. LeCorre-Bordes, N. Tucker, T. Huber, N. Buunk, M.P. Staiger, 鈥淪hear-electrospinning: extending the electrospinnability range of polymer solutions鈥, Journal of Materials Science, 2016, 51, pp. 6686鈥6696.

  • J.W. Dormanns, J. Schuermann, J. M眉ssig, B.J.C. Duchemin, M.P. Staiger, 鈥淪olvent infusion processing of all-cellulose composite laminates using an aqueous NaOH/urea solvent system鈥, Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2016, 82, pp. 130鈥140.

  • S. Karimi, M.P. Staiger, N. Buunk, A. Fessard, N. Tucker, 鈥淯niaxially aligned electrospun fibers for advanced nanocomposites based on a model PVOH-epoxy system鈥, Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2016, 81, pp. 214-221.

  • J.W. Dormanns, F. Weiler, J. Schuermann, J. M眉ssig, B.J.C. Duchemin, M.P. Staiger, 鈥淧ositive size and scale effects of all-cellulose composite laminates, Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2016, 85, pp. 65-75.

  • J. Schuermann, T. Huber, D. Le Corre, G. Mortha, M. Sellier, B. Duchemin, M.P. Staiger, 鈥淪urface tension of concentrated cellulose solutions in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate鈥, Cellulose, 2016, doi: 10.1007/s10570-015-0850-5.

  • M.J. Le Guen, R.H. Newman, A. Fernyhough, G.W. Emms, M.P. Staiger, 鈥淭he damping-modulus relationship in flax-carbon fibre hybrid composites鈥, Composites Part B, 2016, 89, pp. 27-33.

  • B. Duchemin, D. Le Corre, N. Leray, A. Dufresne, M.P. Staiger, 鈥淎ll-cellulose composites based on microfibrillated cellulose and filter paper via a NaOH-urea solvent system鈥, Cellulose, 2016, 23, 1, pp. 593-609.

  • P.G.T. Lepe, N. Tucker, L. Simmons, A.J.A. Watson, A.J. Fairbanks, M.P. Staiger, 鈥淪ub-micron sized saccharide fibres via electrospinning鈥, Electrospinning, 2015, 1 (1), pp. 2391-7407, DOI: 10.1515/esp-2016-0001.

  • M. M. Hassan, L. Schiermeister, M.P. Staiger, 鈥淪ustainable production of carbon fiber: Effect of cross-linking in wool fiber on carbon yields and morphologies of derived carbon fiber鈥, ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2015, 3 (11), pp. 2660-2668.

  • M. M. Hassan, L. Schiermeister, M.P. Staiger, 鈥淭hermal, chemical and morphological properties of carbon fibres derived from chemically pretreated wool fibres鈥, RSC Advances, 2015, 5 (68), pp. 55353-55362, DOI: 10.1039/C5RA10649D.

  • B.J.C. Duchemin, M.P. Staiger, and R.H. Newman, 鈥淗igh-temperature viscoelastic relaxation in all-cellulose composites鈥, Macromolecular Symposia, 2014, 340, 1, pp.听52鈥58. (doi:听10.1002/masy.201300123).

  • T. Huber, B. Kuckhoff, T. Gries, D. Veit, S. Pang, N. Graupner, J. Mussig, M.P. Staiger, 鈥3D braiding of continuous regenerated cellulose fibres鈥, Journal of Industrial Textiles, DOI: 10.1177/1528083714540695.

  • S. Kalka, T. Huber, J. Steinberg, K. Baronian, J. M眉ssig and M. P. Staiger, "Biodegradability of all-cellulose composite laminates", Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2014, 59, pp. 37-44.

  • M.J. Le Guen, R. H. Newman, A. Fernyhough and M. P. Staiger, "Tailoring the vibration damping behaviour of flax fibre-reinforced epoxy composite laminates听via听polyol additions", Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2014, 67, pp. 37-43.

  • A.H. Nurfaizey, J. Stanger, N. Tucker, N. Buunk, A. R. Wood and M. P. Staiger, "Control of spatial deposition of electrospun fiber using electric field manipulation." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics, 2014, 9, 1, pp. 155-164..

  • T. Huber, S. Bickerton, J. M眉ssig, S. Pang and M.P. Staiger, 鈥淔lexural and impact properties of all-cellulose composite laminates made from a rayon textile鈥, 2013, Composites Science and Technology, 2013, 88, pp. 92鈥98.
  • B.J. Duchemin, R.H. Newman and M.P. Staiger, "Aerocellulose based on all-cellulose composites", Journal of Applied Polymer Science, accepted

  • B.J. Duchemin, R.H. Newman and M.P. Staiger, "Structure-property relationship of all-cellulose composites", Composites Science and
    Technology, accepted.

  • J.J Stanger, N. Tucker, K. Kirwan and M.P. Staiger, 鲁Effect of charge density on the Taylor cone in electrospinning虏, International Journal of
    Modern Physics B, in press.

  • J.J Stanger, N. Tucker, K. Kirwan and M.P. Staiger, "The effect of electrode configuration and substrate material on the mass deposition
    rate of electrospinning", Journal of Applied Polymer Science, in press.

  • K.B. Adhikary, S. Pang and M.P. Staiger, 鲁Effects of Accelerated Freeze-Thaw Cycling on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Wood
    flour-recycled Thermoplastic Composites虏, Polymer Composites, in press.

  • K.B. Adhikary, S. Pang and M.P. Staiger, 鲁Accelerated ultraviolet weathering of recycled polypropylene-sawdust composites虏, Journal of
    Thermoplastic Composite Materials, in press.

  • J.J. Stanger, M.P. Staiger, 鲁Electrospinning 颅 A Review虏, Rapra Report, in press.

  • J.J. Stanger, M.P. Staiger, N. Tucker and K. Kirwan, 鲁Effect of charge density on the Taylor cone in electrospinning虏, Solid State Phenomena, 151, 2009, pp. 54-59.

  • Fibre treatment laboratories
  • Laboratory Carding
  • Vacuum hot pressing
  • Vacuum oven drying
  • Full range of mechanical testing
  • Dynamical Mechanical Analyser (TA Instruments, TA800 with humidity control)
  • Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC, Perkin Elmer 8000)
  • Atomic force microscopy
  • FE Scanning electron microscopy
  • Transmission electron microscopy

See the听Mechanical Engineering laboratories and facilities

  • NZ Foundation for Research, Science and Technology (FRST)
  • Plant and Food Research
  • Scion
  • AgResearch
  • Brian Mason Scientific and Technical Trust
  • EcoFibres Pty. Ltd. (Australia)

Research Opportunities

Postgraduate Research Projects Available

If you are interested in the research direction of the Materials Group , and you are in possession (or about to be) of a good Honours degree in Mechanical Engineering, please contact:

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