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Drones and satellites among new tools to track biodiversity

23 May 2023

UC researchers believe remote sensing technologies such as satellites, planes, and drones will cause a paradigm shift in auditing Aotearoa鈥檚 biodiversity.

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Co-author of a new paper, Professor Pavel Castka, Associate Dean (Research) at the UC Business School says it鈥檚 not enough to maintain biodiversity; we must find ways to improve it.

A recent collaboration between Dr John Reid (Ng膩ti Pikiao, Tainui), Senior Research Fellow at Te Whare W膩nanga o Waitaha | the University of mini传媒 (UC)鈥檚 Ng膩i Tahu Centre, and Professor Pavel Castka, Associate Dean (Research) at the UC Business School, explores the ramifications of this rapidly developing technology for New Zealand鈥檚 primary industries and the country鈥檚 overall environmental image. Their study highlights the 鈥榬adical transparency鈥 enabled by unmanned airborne vehicles and terrestrial sensors capable of amassing data down to the level of a square metre.

鈥淲e estimate that within the next five to 10 years, the environmental footprint of every farmer, forester and horticulturalist in the country may become publicly available,鈥 Dr Reid says. 鈥淭he emphasis of our paper is on what this means for assurance purposes, for management, and for how these entities operate.鈥

SDG 15 Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 15 - Life on land

While Dr Reid and Professor Castka acknowledge the sensitivities accompanying this level of transparency, they believe it can also deliver significant benefits.

鈥淐ompliance standards create a heavy load for farmers,鈥 Professor Castka says. 鈥淩emote sensing automates this, so it isn鈥檛 taking them away from what they want to be doing.鈥

In addition to efficiency gains, Dr Reid highlights how land managers could receive timely data regarding their productivity and environmental impacts. 鈥淚t will also allow land managers who are truly regenerative to stand out, becoming examples that others can learn from.鈥 He says the response from industry has in most cases been positive and adds that the leaders in this space will gain a powerful marketing tool, for use both here and internationally, for sustainable products.听听

Dr Reid is also co-lead of Eco-index, a research programme funded by the New Zealand Biological Heritage National Science Challenge, and hosted at the University of Waikato, that measures biodiversity health and investment in Aotearoa. He says substantial private investment in environmental sensing is happening internationally, and that particular interest has been shown in the environmental insights and wisdom traditions held by M膩ori.

The researchers recognise the privacy concerns accompanying the evolution of this technology, however they hope the increased transparency will encourage more aspirational goals for Aotearoa鈥檚 biodiversity.

鈥淚t鈥檚 not enough to preserve what we have now for the next generation,鈥 Professor Castka says, 鈥淚t鈥檚 about making it better.鈥

Published in the Journal of Cleaner Production,听听was funded by the Biological Heritage National Science Challenge.听


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